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Abstract

This research article examines Allama Iqbal's "Khutbat" (Lectures) as a pivotal milestone in the intellectual history of Islamic thought, particularly in the context of religious philosophy. The article argues that a comprehensive understanding of Islamic thought, especially its religious dimensions, cannot be achieved without studying Iqbal's speeches. These addresses articulate a profound expression of contemporary Islamic thought, linking historical traditions with modern scientific and intellectual inquiries. However, the article highlights the ongoing challenges in interpreting Iqbal's speeches, noting that many translations and commentaries have led to confusion and ambiguity. This confusion arises from the philosophical nature of Iqbal's discussions, which often shift rapidly between topics, making it difficult for readers unfamiliar with the relevant philosophical contexts to maintain coherence. The article identifies two main areas of misunderstanding in the interpretations of Iqbal's speeches: the religious discussions and the philosophical discussions. It critiques the misinterpretations of Iqbal's concepts of God and destiny, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of his ideas in light of both traditional and contemporary thought. The research concludes by advocating for a more nuanced approach to Iqbal's work, one that recognizes the complexity of his thought and its relevance to modern challenges in understanding the relationship between faith, reason, and existence.