DefinePK

Abstract

The conservation of endangered species in the modern era requires an integrated approach that addresses not only habitat protection but also the growing threat of infectious diseases. This study explores the vital role of veterinary medicine in enhancing pathogen surveillance and disease management strategies within conservation programs. Through a comprehensive literature review, the findings demonstrate that advanced diagnostic tools such as PCR and ELISA are crucial in early pathogen detection, achieving high accuracy rates of up to 99%, though challenges persist in accessibility and infrastructure. Surveillance efforts have identified key pathogens like Canine Distemper Virus and Lumpy Skin Disease as major threats, with veterinary professionals playing central roles in diagnosis, treatment, and outbreak control. This research demonstrates that disease-control measures which combine vaccination programs with quarantine procedures and habitat zoning demonstrate effectiveness for disease reduction when they use veterinary and ecological assessment methods. Research data indicates population control and mortality reduction happens when these interventions are adopted in areas which share similarities with Serengeti and Western Ghats. Multiple professional fields collaborate better in both Qatar and Kenya due to the implementation of One Health frameworks which enhanced outbreak preparedness and surveillance coordination. Through combined efforts between community outreach activities and veterinary programs communities enhanced their disease awareness and reporting capabilities and improved human-wildlife connections. When veterinary practice teams up with conservation work research demonstrates how ecosystems become better able to withstand change and limit zoonotic diseases while maintaining endangered species. This investigation recommends modern conservation programs should dedicate more financial support to veterinary infrastructure development for partnership work with local stakeholders and intersectoral organizations..