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Abstract

This research paper offers a critical study of the Romantic movement that emerged in late 18th and early 19th-century Europe as a reaction to rationalism, industrialization, scientific advancement, and social upheaval. It traces the intellectual evolution of Romantic poetry from William Blake to P. B. Shelley. The paper explores Blake’s spiritual imagination, Wordsworth’s nature-centric spirituality, Coleridge’s metaphysical symbolism, Scott’s nationalistic romanticism, Keats’s aesthetic idealism, and Shelley’s revolutionary vision. Each poet redefined poetry by emphasizing imagination, nature, beauty, individuality, and emotional authenticity. Romanticism, as portrayed through their work, was not merely a literary style but a philosophical and creative revolution that broke away from classical constraints and reshaped poetic expression.