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Abstract

Background: Seroma formation is a common complication following laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair, leading to patient discomfort and increased healthcare costs. This study evaluates the efficacy of an umbilical plug in reducing seroma formation and improving postoperative outcomes.
Methods: A prospective, randomised, controlled trial was conducted with 100 patients undergoing laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair. Patients were randomised to either the umbilical plug group (n=50) or the control group (n=50). The primary outcome was the rate of seroma formation within 30 days postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, infection rates, recurrence rates, and patient satisfaction. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results: Seroma formation occurred in 12% of patients in the umbilical plug group compared to 30% in the control group (p = 0.02). Postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the umbilical plug group at 24 hours, 7 days, and 30 days (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was also higher in the intervention group (mean score: 8.7 ± 1.2 vs. 7.2 ± 1.5; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in infection or recurrence rates (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The umbilical plug significantly reduces seroma formation and improves postoperative pain and patient satisfaction in laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair. These findings suggest that the umbilical plug is a promising solution for addressing one of the most common complications of this procedure. Further research is needed to confirm these results and evaluate long-term outcomes