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Abstract

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a quick and inexpensive technique in which the smears prepared, contain well preserved tissue fragments known as tissue micro-biopsies, which provide information on tissue architecture and contribute to the tumor diagnosis.
Aim: To study significance of tissue microbiopsies in fine needle aspiration cytology and its histopathological correlation.
Methods: A prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology. 186 cases were examined between February 2023 to January 2024. 160 cases that had well preserved tissue fragments were included in the study.
Results: Of the 160 cases 78% cases of FNAC were done conventionally. 22% of the cases with deep seated lesions along with all thyroid lesions were done under USG guided and remaining 6% under CT guided.
The organs with highest yield of microbiopsies were lymph nodes 50; (31.2%), followed by breast 46;( 28.7%), thyroid 30;(18.8%), soft tissue; 20(12.5%), salivary gland; 6(3.8%), lung 2;(1.25%), liver 2;(1.25%), oral cavity 2;(1.25%), ovary 1;(0.6%) and bone 1;(0.6%). Out of 160 cases, 85 cases (53.1%) were malignant, 43 benign (26.9%) and 32 cases (20%) were inflammatory lesions. Among 85 malignant tumors, 70 (82.3%) cases were primary and 15 (17.7%) cases were metastatic tumors.
Conclusion: FNAC smears containing tissue microbiopsies are helpful in diagnosing benign, inflammatory and malignant lesions. It also helps in predicting possible primary sites in cases of metastatic tumors which would be difficult by cytology alone. Therefore, technique can be employed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC, without increasing any financial burden on patients.