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Abstract

The present study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of a novel quinazoline derivative using validated in vivo animal models. Quinazoline-based compounds have garnered pharmacological interest due to their diverse biological activities, including modulation of inflammatory and nociceptive pathways. In this investigation, the test compound was synthesized and structurally characterized, followed by assessment of its biological efficacy through acute and chronic inflammation models, and peripheral and central analgesic assays. Acute toxicity testing, conducted as per OECD Guideline 423, confirmed a high safety margin with no mortality or significant clinical signs observed up to 2000 mg/kg in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models in rats. The compound showed dose-dependent inhibition of paw edema and granuloma formation, with the 50 mg/kg dose exhibiting efficacy comparable to indomethacin. Analgesic potential was assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing and the hot plate test in mice. The compound significantly reduced writhing counts, indicating peripheral analgesic activity, and increased latency in the hot plate test, suggestive of central analgesia. Mechanistic insights suggest possible cyclooxygenase inhibition and modulation of inflammatory cytokines or opioid-mediated pathways. The results demonstrate that the quinazoline derivative exhibits both anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties across models with a favorable safety profile. These findings support its potential as a lead compound for further development. Future studies involving molecular docking, pharmacokinetic profiling, and clinical translation are warranted to establish therapeutic applicability.