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Abstract

This research highlights the significance of an environmentally safe green synthesis method for achieving magnetic nanoparticles, and the impact of Co doping on Nickel ferrites. Three samples, NiFe2O4, Ni0.7Co0.3Fe2O4 and Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 were prepared by using the extract of vitis vinifera (black raisins) as reducing agent/fuel followed by the sol-gel auto combustion method. This study also examines the effect of pH on the optimum yield of NPs. various characterization techniques were performed to determine the morphological, optical and magnetic properties of prepared samples.  XRD characterization verified the single-phase FCC crystalline structure of the samples, and the average crystallite sizes for the formed NPs were found to be 16.8 nm, 17.5 nm and 18.9 nm respectively. The EDX analysis verified the anticipated elemental composition of all the samples. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic contents in the samples. The Optical band gaps for the samples were determined by UV-vis spectroscopy and recorded as 2.92 eV, 3.48 eV and 3.4 eV respectively. SEM analysis was performed to confirm the shape, structure, and the particle sizes of the samples. The average particle sizes were recorded as 46 nm, 57 nm, and 68 nm for NF, CNF1 and CNF2. Magnetic properties of all the samples were analyzed via VSM characterization. The ferromagnetic properties were found to be enhanced by Co doping, as the dopant increases the saturation magnetization increased from 29.6 emu/g to 30.2 emu/g and 37.8 emu/g respectively, further the remnant magnetization was also increased from 3.01 emu/g to 4.5 emu/g and 5.7 emu/g. hence, molding the properties of CNF to make it preferable for various applications.