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Abstract

Background and Objective Sickle cell disease SCD is a group of genetically inherited blood disorders typically passed from the parent to the offspring and is characterized by an abnormality and a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the haemoglobin molecule of erythrocytes. This study was designed to investigate the anti-sickling properties of aqueous leaf extracts of Physalis angulata and Dennettia tripetala on homozygous sickle cell erythrocyte. Materials and Method The experiment was in four groups Group 1 Normal RBC, Group 2 Sickle RBC-experimental control group, Group 3 Sickle RBCD. tripetala and Group 4 Sickle RBCP. angulata. Fresh blood was collected from a sickle cell patient and normal individual which were used for the study. Osmotic fragility, total anti-oxidants Glutathione, Superoxide dismutase and Catalase activity test, anti-sickling and gelatin test were carried out on the samples in vitro. Results Result of total anti-oxidants activities showed that there was a significant decrease p0.05 in GSH 3.630.015 and SOD 0.350.015 and a significant increase p0.05 in catalase 7.340.021 activities when the experimental control group Group 2 was compared with Group 1. However, treatment of sickled RBCs with extracts of D. tripetala and P. angulata induced a significant increase p0.05 in GSH 3.630.015 and 3.920.008 and SOD 0.350.015 and 0.370.005 and a significant decrease p0.05 in catalase activities 7.340.021 and 8.110.004 respectively, when compared with the experimental control group Group 2. Antisickling effect also showed that, 1 mL of 100 mg mL1501 concentration of D. tripetala and P. angulata with the sickle RBC, in the ratio of 11, reduced the abnormal cell to 13, 9 and 6 with D. tripetala and 11, 8 and 6 with P. angulata at a time interval of 20, 40 and 60 min, respectively. Osmotic fragility showed an increase in membrane-stability when P. angulata and D. tripetala leaf extract were added, while gelatin test showed a reduction in haemoglobin polymerization at a 0.8 mg100 mL concentration of the extracts. Conclusion From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that D. tripetala leaf extract and P. angulata have antisickling potentials and may be used for therapeutic management of sickle cell anaemia.