DefinePK

Abstract

Background: Periodontal disease is a widespread inflammatory condition that compromises the supporting structures of teeth, significantly impacting both oral and systemic health. Despite its burden, data from underdeveloped regions remain sparse.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of periodontal disease among patients attending Bacha Khan College of Dentistry (BKCD), Mardan.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with 246 patients who had been clinically diagnosed with periodontal disease was carried out. Clinical examinations and structured questionnaires were used to gather data, with an emphasis on lifestyle choices, medical history, dental hygiene habits, and demographic factors. We used chi-square tests to find significant relationships (p < 0.05).
Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease among BKCD dental outpatients was 20%. A majority of participants (78.9%) presented with plaque or calculus; 60.2% experienced bleeding during brushing, and 67.1% reported tooth sensitivity. Tobacco use (33.7%) and systemic conditions such as diabetes (27.2%) were significantly associated with increased periodontal disease risk. Significant associations were also found with brushing frequency, gingival swelling, painful gums, and tooth mobility.
Conclusion: The study highlights the role of poor oral hygiene, tobacco use, and systemic conditions in the development of periodontal disease. There is a pressing need for targeted oral health education, smoking cessation programs, and early screening initiatives to reduce periodontal disease burden.