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Abstract

The growing need for affordable, flexible and socially enriching housing in urban areas suggested an innovative rental model named co-living housing. This study aimed to explore the role of co-living as a potential solution to urban housing shortages, rising rental costs, and social isolation in highly populated cities. Co-living models are characterised by shared facilities, professional management, and community-focused living environments with an aim to balance privacy and social interaction. This study focuses on case studies from Norway, the UK, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and the United States.  This research investigates the socio-economic, technological, and cultural factors driving the adoption of co-living spaces in urban areas. It also examines the challenges faced by residents and stakeholders, including issues related to privacy, legal regulation, and long-term sustainability. The findings offer policy recommendations and design insights for stakeholders such as urban planners, developers, and governments seeking to support innovative, inclusive, and environmentally sustainable housing alternatives.