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Abstract

This study investigated the economic analysis of tomato production in Taluka Hyderabad, Sindh, focusing on the socio-economic characteristics of farmers, cost structures, labor dynamics, production expenses, market-related costs, and overall profitability. Primary data were collected through surveys and interviews with tomato growers, and a detailed cost-benefit analysis was conducted to assess the economic viability of tomato cultivation in the region. The findings revealed that tomato prices fluctuated seasonally, dropping during peak harvest months (May–June) and increasing during off-season shortages (e.g., November). Farmers in the study area were typically middle-aged with modest educational backgrounds and managed small-scale farms averaging 7.8 acres. Despite the relatively recent adoption of tomato farming, averaging just three years of experience, the activity proved to be economically promising. The total production cost per acre was calculated at PKR 117,380, while gross returns averaged PKR 378,000, resulting in a substantial net profit of PKR 260,620. The input-output ratio of 1:3.22 and a benefit-cost ratio of 1:2.22 underscored the strong profitability and efficient resource use in tomato cultivation. The study recommended enhanced market access, technical training, subsidies, and research investments to support and expand profitable tomato production in the region.
Keywords: Economic Analysis, Tomato Production, Taluka Hyderabad, Sindh, Socio-Economic Characteristics of Farmers, Cost Structures, Labor Dynamics, Production Expenses, Market-Related Costs.