DefinePK

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess Factors Affecting Non-Adherence to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Among Patients atthe Institute of Chest Diseases, Kotri. Study Design: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Place and duration of study: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using a quantitative approach among 212 TB patients registered at a Directly Observed Treatment. Material and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using a quantitative approach among 212 TB patients registered at a Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) center in Kotri, Sindh, Pakistan. Data were collected on demographics, socio-economic status, knowledge about TB, and self-reported adherence levels. Statistical analyses, including Chi square tests, were applied to assess associations between adherence and selected variables. Results: The majority of participants (86.8%) demonstrated low (44.3%) or medium (42.5%) adherence, while only 13.2% achieved high adherence. The mean age of participants was 43.69 ± 10.2years. Age did not show a significant relationship with adherence; however, non-adherence was strongly associated (p < 0.001) with male gender, marital status, low education, reduced family income, and rural occupation. Additionally, systemic barriers such as inadequate follow-up and lack of counseling significantly contributed to poor adherence. Conclusion: The findings highlight that socio-demographic, economic, knowledge-related, and systemic challenges are strongly linked to poor TB treatment adherence. Addressing these through community-based, patient-centered interventions focusing on financial support, improved access to care, and enhanced health education is essential to improve adherence and reduce TB-related morbidity and mortality in high-burden regions such as Kotri, Sindh, Pakistan. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Treatment Non-Adherence, Factors, Adherence , Knowledge