DefinePK

Research Objective

To summarize the current state of knowledge concerning Internet of Things (IoT) systems for optimizing greenhouse conditions, their role in mitigating climate change impacts on agriculture, and the challenges to their widespread adoption.

Methodology

This review article synthesizes current scholarly research using descriptive and statistical methods. It examines the connections between IoT, new technologies, precision farming, Agriculture 4.0, and productive commercial agriculture.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A[Literature Review] --> B[Data Synthesis];
    B --> C[Analysis of IoT in Greenhouses];
    C --> D[Identification of Key Findings];
    D --> E[Discussion of Challenges and Opportunities];
    E --> F[Formulation of Conclusions and Limitations];                    

Discussion

The paper discusses how IoT can address the negative impacts of climate change and global warming on agriculture by optimizing key parameters in greenhouses. It highlights the role of precision farming, enabled by IoT, in overcoming challenges posed by extreme weather events. The discussion also delves into the technical aspects of IoT in agriculture, including communication protocols, edge computing, and the need for reliable and accurate sensors. The economic implications, particularly for smallholder farmers, and the barriers to adoption in developing countries are also addressed.

Key Findings

IoT systems offer significant potential for optimizing greenhouse environments by controlling parameters like temperature and humidity, enabling intelligent data acquisition, and implementing rule-based control. Technologies like sensors, AI, and big data analytics contribute to precision farming, leading to increased crop yields and reduced costs. However, challenges such as the high cost of IoT infrastructure, sensor accuracy, standardization issues, and limited adoption in developing countries hinder widespread implementation.

Conclusion

IoT sensors offer validated benefits for fine-tuning greenhouse microclimates, with the potential for significant cost savings. While highly dependable sensors exist, those with low accuracy are inadequate. Addressing the challenges related to ICT infrastructure in developing countries and investing in R&D are crucial for overcoming current limitations and realizing the full potential of IoT in agriculture.

Fact Check

* Extreme weather in 2012 cost Michigan cherry farmers an estimated $220 million. (Supported by [13])
* Greenhouse cultivation in Saudi Arabia increased to 3019 ha in 2016, with a harvest of 252,824 tonnes of fruiting vegetables. (Supported by [5][20])
* The cost of soil-water content sensors can range from $150 to $5,000, making them unaffordable for use in developing countries where the average greenhouse costs $27,000. (Supported by [45])

Mind Map