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Happiness, Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Life Orientation among Working and Non-working Individuals


Article Information

Title: Happiness, Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Life Orientation among Working and Non-working Individuals

Authors: Mussarat Jabeen Khan, Umey Kalsoom, Iqra Shahzadi Shahzadi, Faiza Abbasi, Naseem Akhtar

Journal: NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (NJSSH)

HEC Recognition History
Category From To
Y 2024-10-01 2025-12-31
Y 2023-07-01 2024-09-30
Y 2022-07-01 2023-06-30
Y 2021-07-01 2022-06-30
Y 2020-07-01 2021-06-30

Publisher: National University of Sciences & Technology, Rawalpindi/Islamabad (NUST)

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2022

Volume: 8

Issue: 1

Language: en

DOI: 10.51732/njssh.v8i1.121

Keywords: Happinessgratitudelife satisfactionLife orientation

Categories

Abstract

The study was conducted to find differences among working and non-working individuals regarding happiness, gratitude, life satisfaction, and life orientation. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data. The sample consisted of 300 individuals; 150 were working and 150 were non-working individuals. Out of 150 working participants, 75 participants were bankers and 75 were teachers. The non-working sample consisted of 75 males and 75 females. Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, The Gratitude Questionnaire-six item form (GQ- 6), Satisfaction with Life Scale and Life Orientation Test-Revised were used to measure happiness, gratitude, life satisfaction, and life orientation respectively. Correlation unveiled that happiness, gratitude, life satisfaction, and life orientation were positively correlated. Independent sample t-test showed that working individuals were happier, more grateful, and more satisfied with life as compared to non-working individuals while non-working females showed higher levels of gratitude, satisfaction, and positive life orientation than non-working men. Further independent sample t test indicated that bankers were happier than teachers. Multiple regression analysis showed that happiness and gratitude predict life satisfaction.


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