DefinePK

Abstract

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a major cause of occupational illness worldwide, leading to disability, absenteeism, and reduced productivity. Evidence from Pakistan’s sugar industry is lacking despite its large workforce and physically demanding environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and risk patterns of Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among sugar industry workers in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Material & Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted recruiting 313 workers of Mardan Sugar Mill, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Participants aged 15-60 years with at least three months of employment and minimum four working hours per day were included. Data were collected using a modified Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Frequencies, percentages and associations between Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and risk factors were analyzed through SPSS V.27 using the chi-square test.
Results: Overall, 70.0% of participants reported Work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The lower back was the most affected site (24.9%), followed by knees (11.5%), shoulders (10.4%), and neck (9.0%). Work-related musculoskeletal disorders were more common among females (80.6%) than males (68.8%). Younger workers (15-29 years) showed higher prevalence compared to older groups. Significant associations were found between Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and high Body Mass Index, working more than eight hours daily, and longer work experience (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent among sugar industry workers in Pakistan, with lower back and knee disorders being most common. Preventive ergonomic interventions, workload adjustments, and worker education are urgently needed. Occupational health policies and surveillance systems should be prioritized to reduce this burden and protect industrial workers’ well-being.