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Abstract

Objective: To assess the quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and to identify factors influencing it.
Methodology: Study was descriptive cross-sectional commenced at the Multan Institute of Kidney Diseases, Multan, from October 25, 2024, to April 24, 2025. Study included 100 patients with ESRD having age ?18 years, on hemodialysis from least three months. Main variables of study were demographics, duration of dialysis, vascular access type, co morbidities and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-36) scale.
Results: The mean age of participants was 49.2 ± 11.3 years, with 62% males and 38% females. Most patients (72%) received hemodialysis three times per week, and hypertension (68%) was the most common comorbidity. The mean score of physical and mental component were 43.25 ± 9.12 and 47.36 ± 8.74, respectively. Patients of young age on dialysis for ?12 months, and individuals without comorbidities had significantly higher quality of life scores (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Quality of life among ESRD patients on hemodialysis is moderately reduced, particularly in physical and psychological domains. Older age, prolonged dialysis duration, and comorbidities are key predictors of poor outcomes.