DefinePK

Abstract

Islam has always emphasized the pursuit of lawful and productive means of livelihood, considering every economic effort within the bounds of Sharia as an act of worship. Among the various means of earning a living, agriculture holds a central position in Islamic civilization. The Companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) played a vital role in promoting agricultural and horticultural practices, guided by Islamic ethical and economic principles. They viewed hard work, land cultivation, and plantation as acts of worship and means of social welfare. Their contributions not only enhanced food security but also reflected a balance between material prosperity and spiritual values. This research explores the agricultural and horticultural activities of the Sahabah, analyzing their practices during the Prophetic and Caliphate periods. It highlights how these activities contributed to economic stability, community development, and environmental balance. The study further examines how Islamic teachings related to fairness, mutual cooperation, and sustainability were reflected in their approach to farming and resource management. Drawing lessons from the Sahabah’s model, the paper suggests that adopting these principles in Pakistan’s modern agricultural sector can help achieve sustainable development, promote ethical farming, and strengthen national economic resilience. Thus, the agricultural model of the Sahabah provides timeless guidance for creating a morally grounded and economically strong society.