DefinePK

Abstract

Women’s economic participation has emerged as a crucial factor in shaping the trajectory of socio-economic development across the globe. In Pakistan, however, women’s role in the economy remains significantly underutilized, with persistent barriers such as gender discrimination, cultural norms, lack of access to education, and limited opportunities in the labor market. This study addresses the problem of women’s underrepresentation in the economic sphere and its implications for broader social development. The purpose of this research is to examine how women’s economic participation contributes not only to household income and poverty reduction but also to community development, education, health, and social cohesion in Pakistan. By analyzing the link between women’s employment, empowerment, and societal progress, the study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of gender-inclusive growth as a pathway toward sustainable development. A mixed-methods research design has been adopted, combining quantitative data from government reports, labor force surveys, and World Bank statistics with qualitative insights from interviews and case studies of women engaged in formal and informal sectors. This methodological approach allows for a comprehensive analysis of both measurable economic contributions and the lived experiences of women. The results indicate that increased women’s participation in the economy significantly enhances household welfare, reduces poverty levels, and contributes to social indicators such as children’s education, health outcomes, and community resilience. Moreover, women’s economic empowerment fosters greater decision-making power, gender equality, and inclusive social progress. The study concludes that enhancing women’s economic participation is not only an economic necessity but also a catalyst for sustainable social development in Pakistan. Policy interventions that promote equal opportunities, skills training, and supportive institutional frameworks are essential to unlock women’s full potential and strengthen Pakistan’s socio-economic fabric.