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Abstract

Objective: To determine the reasons why the primary root canal treatment of permanent teeth may fail among patients who have a previous record of root canal treatment.Methodology: The cross-sectional study design employed non-probability convenience sampling at the Department of Operative Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, over six months. Statistics were ana-lyzed using SPSS version 26.Results: The patients had a mean age of 36.44 ± 10.85 years, with 44 (41.51%) males and 62 (58.49%) females. Under-obturation, lack of coronal restoration and over-obturation were the most frequent causes of failure of primary root canal treatment (55.66%, 26.42% and 17.92%, respectively).Conclusion: The study concluded that the failure in root canal treatment was most often caused by under-irrigation of the canals. When carrying out endodontic management and nonsurgical retreatment, it is essential to carefully examine the symptoms of infection and the cause of failure. By paying close attention to the mentioned factors, one cannot only improve the quality of endodontic care but also increase the chances of treatment success.Key words: Failure in permanent teeth, Over obturation, Under obturation, Root Canal Treatment.