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Abstract

Ecotoxicological impacts of pyrethroid insecticides are getting attention to their indiscriminate use in agriculture sector. The aim of present experimental study was to evaluate the possible hepatotoxic effects bifenthrin insecticide in avian species. For this purpose, 36 Pigeons were (Columba livia domestica) randomly divided in three equal group (A, B & C). Oral doses 1/20th & 1/15th of LD50 (22mg. and 30mg./kg./day) of bifenthrin were administrated to test group A and B respectively for 40 consecutive days, whereas group C birds kept as control. All birds were supplied same quantity of food and water. A highly significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the body weight was recorded in both test group birds as compared to group C. Treated birds demonstrated change in color of the liver with paleness to yellowish coloration. Microscopic examinations revealed that, transverse section liver was showing enlarged hepatocytes increased sinusoidal spaces, vacuolation of hepatocytes and inflammatory cells with hypertrophy at the oral dose of (22 mg./kg./day). While oral dose of bifenthrin (30 mg./kg./day) exerted marked histopathological changes in the liver of group B birds like diffused vacuolation, congestion and deterioration of the hepatocytes, haemorrhages and hepatic fibrosis. The findings of present study revealed that bifenthrin insecticide exerted toxic effects in exposed pigeons and can produce moderate to severe hepatic alterations in the avian species in proportion to exposure level and duration.
Keywords: Pigeons; Bifenthrin; Toxic effects; Hepatic tissues
http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2015.44019