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Title: Marek’s Disease and Its Outbreak in Asia: Python-Based Approach for Detection of Marek’s Virus
Authors: Qura Tul Ain, Iqra Nazeer
Journal: International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology
Publisher: 50SEA JOURNALS (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2022
Volume: 4
Issue: Special Issue
Language: English
Keywords: PandemicoutbreakMarek’s Disease
Marek's disease is an infectious disease that manifests in tumors of the nervous system and organs in chickens. Computer programming languages have enough potential to detect various viral diseases. An effort has been made to detect and evaluate the intensity of viruses. Despite the widespread use of effective vaccines designed to halt its spread, recent data reveal that their efficacy is declining as a result of the virus's adaptability. We analyzed 53 reports documenting 157 viral strains in Asian countries during the last decade of Marek's disease outbreaks and correlated meq sequences. The visceral variety of Marek's disease is the most common (18 out of 28 investigations), although there may be other, unrecognized brain alterations as well. Most commonly, MD causes tumors in the liver (16 out of 26 studies), however, other organs such as the spleen, kidney, heart, gizzard, skin, gut, lung, and sciatic nerve have also been affected. Using amino acid alignment, we found numerous point alterations in 28 strains that may be associated with its virulence. More research is needed on the virulence of the Marek strain, as well as the structural modifications to the Meq protein, and we recommend that this research take place in disease-endemic areas.
To provide a comprehensive overview of recent epidemiological, virulence-related meq gene variation, and pathological data on Marek's disease in Asia, and to propose a Python-based approach for its detection.
A review of 53 reports documenting 157 viral strains in Asian countries over the last decade. Analysis of meq sequences for virulence correlation. Development of a Python-based script for virus detection using machine learning libraries like pandas and scikit-learn.
graph TD;
A[Literature Review & Data Compilation] --> B[Analysis of Epidemiological & Pathological Data];
B --> C[Meq Sequence Analysis & Phylogenetic Study];
C --> D[Development of Python-Based Detection Script];
D --> E[Model Training & Evaluation];
E --> F[Conclusion & Recommendations];
Despite widespread vaccination, Marek's disease continues to cause significant economic losses in Asia due to the virus's adaptability and the emergence of more virulent strains. The meq gene sequencing is a crucial marker for MDV virulence and strain classification. The study highlights the need for updated vaccination strategies and further research in disease-endemic areas. The proposed Python-based approach offers a potential tool for early detection and monitoring.
The visceral variety of Marek's disease is the most common. Tumors most frequently affect the liver, but other organs are also impacted. Numerous point alterations in meq sequences were found, potentially linked to virulence. Strains from China were observed to be resistant to the CVI988 vaccine, leading to high mortality rates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed interconnectedness between regions like the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia.
Marek's disease remains a significant threat to the poultry sector in Asia. Understanding viral strain variations, particularly in the meq gene, is crucial for effective disease management. The development of Python-based tools for virus detection and analysis can aid in early identification and contribute to improved control strategies.
- Marek's disease has been reported to cause annual economic losses of almost USD 1 billion.
- The disease was first discovered in a Hungarian chicken farm in 1907.
- The study analyzed data from 48 studies compiled about 309 farms with MD outbreaks.
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