CPR TRAINING TOOL FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS

Article Information

Title: CPR TRAINING TOOL FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS

Authors: M. Faiz, S. Aimen, N. Ejaz, H. Abbas, M. U. Khan

Journal: Pakistan Journal of Science (PJS)

HEC Recognition History

Category	From	To
Y	2024-10-01	2025-12-31
Y	2023-07-01	2024-09-30
Y	2022-07-01	2023-06-30
Y	2020-07-01	2021-06-30
Y	1900-01-01	2005-06-30

Publisher: Advance Educational Institute & Research Centre

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2023

Volume: 75

Issue: 2

Language: English

DOI: 10.57041/pjs.v75i02.840

Abstract

The heart is one of the vital organs of the human body whose pumping action ensures the supply of blood to every single cell of the body. This supply may be interrupted because of cardiac arrest which directly affects the drainage of blood from the heart to other body parts causing arrhythmias and is one of the underlying causes of cardiovascular death. However, this effect can be reversed by Cardiopulmonary resuscitation which is a life-saving technique. CPR is done on patients manually to revive the blood flow &amp; pumping action of the heart, enabling it to pump effectively. To avoid the potential negative impacts of applying excess pressure on ribs during CPR which may cause rib fracture to the individual, a complete understanding of delivering CPR is required. Having this idea, we design a cost-effective CPR Controller Manikin to train health care providers &amp; nursing students about CPR to improve their efficiency in lesser time. This training tool can take account of all the basic parameters of Quality CPR(QCPR) including no. of compressions, force delivered, depth of compressions, no. of breath, correct hand position, and air pressure delivered &amp; displaying them on software. The gadget is distinctive as it not only aids in the training of the health care providers but also ensures that the procedure is up to the mark in delivering QCPR to the patient

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Research Objective

To design a cost-effective CPR Controller Manikin to train healthcare providers and nursing students, improving their efficiency and ensuring Quality CPR (QCPR) delivery.

Methodology

The study involved the design and development of a CPR-controlled manikin incorporating sensors (airflow, position, FSR) and a microcontroller (Arduino UNO). The manikin is constructed from economical, soft plastic material with movable parts. Mathematical modeling was used to describe the mechanical assembly as a mass-spring system. Data was collected from 10 trainees performing CPR multiple times to evaluate the design's accuracy and gather feedback.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A[Design CPR Controller Manikin] --> B[Integrate Sensors and Microcontroller]
    B --> C[Develop Mathematical Model]
    C --> D[Construct Mechanical Assembly]
    D --> E[Collect Data from Trainees]
    E --> F[Analyze Performance Data]
    F --> G[Gather Trainee Feedback]
    G --> H[Evaluate Design Accuracy and Precision]
    H --> I[Conclude on Effectiveness of Training Tool]

Discussion

The proposed manikin addresses the limitations of existing, expensive CPR training tools by offering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative. It emphasizes the importance of feedback systems in improving CPR skills and ensuring that healthcare providers can deliver QCPR with appropriate pressure and ventilation. The device aims to bridge the gap between theoretical learning and practical application, enabling trainees to perform CPR parameters accurately.

Key Findings

The developed CPR controller manikin can accurately measure compression force, depth, air pressure, and hand position. It provides real-time feedback and objective scoring for trainee performance. Testing with 10 participants indicated that the design is accurate and precise in measuring CPR parameters. Feedback from trainees was generally positive regarding the interface and their understanding of CPR operations.

Conclusion

The CPR controller manikin is a valuable training gadget for clinical students and healthcare staff, enabling them to learn and practice life-saving CPR techniques with precision. The device provides instant feedback and objective scoring, facilitating the achievement of QCPR standards and improving the overall quality of CPR delivery.

Fact Check

- The American Heart Association guidelines recommend a compression depth of 2 inches for adults.
- The proposed manikin's force range for compression is set between 450 to 550 Newtons, aligning with the force required for 3.8 to 5cm torso compression.
- The study involved 10 trainees performing CPR at least 10 times each to verify the design's accuracy.

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