DefinePK

Research Objective

To report a case of canine trypanosomiasis in Pakistan and update existing knowledge on the condition in canines, particularly in Lahore.

Methodology

A case report of an 18-month-old male bulldog presented with anorexia, emaciation, and pyrexia. Clinical examination, microscopic examination of blood films, hematological analysis, and serum analysis were performed. Treatment involved diminazine aceturate, meloxicam, dextrose, normal saline, and oral hematinic supplementation.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A[Patient Presentation Anorexia, Emaciation, Pyrexia] --> B[Clinical Examination];
    B --> C[Blood Film Microscopy];
    C -- Trypanosomes Detected --> D[Hematological Analysis];
    C -- Babesia Negative --> D;
    D --> E[Serum Analysis];
    E --> F[Diagnosis: Canine Trypanosomiasis];
    F --> G[Treatment Administration];
    G --> H[Supportive Care];
    H --> I[Monitoring and Follow-up];
    I --> J[Clinical Recovery];                    

Discussion

The study discusses the prevalence and transmission of trypanosomiasis in animals, particularly in Pakistan. It highlights that dogs kept near water bodies are at higher risk due to vector activity. The observed clinical signs and laboratory findings are consistent with previous reports of canine trypanosomiasis. The effectiveness of diminazine aceturate as a treatment is also discussed.

Key Findings

Microscopic examination of blood films confirmed Trypanosomes infection. Hematological analysis revealed decreased total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and packed cell volume, along with neutropenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Serum analysis showed hyperproteinemia, elevated bilirubin and BUN, hypoglycemia, and decreased GGT. The dog showed clinical recovery after treatment.

Conclusion

Dogs kept as pets, especially near water sources, are at increased risk of Trypanosoma infestation. The study emphasizes the need for further research on hemoparasites in companion animals and suggests that a single dose of diminazine aceturate can be effective in treating trypanosomal infections in dogs.

Fact Check

- The case involved an 18-month-old male bulldog.
- The dog was presented to the Pet Hospital of RCVetS, Lahore, Pakistan, on October 26, 2021.
- Treatment included a single dose of diminazine aceturate at 3.5 mg/kg body weight.

Mind Map