Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Prevention of Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Article Information

Title: Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Prevention of Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Authors: Muhammad Sarfraz, Muhammad Ali Hashmi, Abdul Hakim, Kashif Obaid Niazi, Kamran Zamurrad Malik, Shakeel Ahmed

Journal: Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal (PAFMJ)

HEC Recognition History

Category	From	To
Y	2024-10-01	2025-12-31
Y	2023-07-01	2024-09-30
Y	2021-07-01	2022-06-30
Y	2020-07-01	2021-06-30
Y	1900-01-01	2005-06-30

Publisher: Army Medical College, Rawalpindi.

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2024

Volume: 74

Issue: 3

Language: English

Keywords: Benign Paroxysmal Positional VertigoNystagmusRecurrenceVitamin D Deficiency.

Abstract

Objective: to determine of vitamin D administration in preventing recurring benign paroxysmal positional vertigo events.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2021 to Jan 2022.
Methodology: Study was conducted on 80 patients who were diagnosed with recurrent benign paroxysmal vertigo. Patients were enrolled in two groups (Group A and B) by lottery method. Vitamin D supplements and canal repositioning manoeuvre were administered to patients in Group A, while just canal repositioning procedure was given to patients in Group B. Patients were told to follow up over six months. Vitamin D supplement consumption and BPPV attacks were tracked over 6-month follow up period.
Results: In follow-up period, most patients in Group A 24(60.0%) had no episodes of vertigo, whereas 10(25.0%) had single episode of vertigo. Furthermore, none of the patients experienced three episodes. Many patients in Group B 19(47.5%) developed one or more episodes. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05).
Conclusion: Low vitamin D levels are found in most individuals with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo events. Vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased the frequency and recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo events, according to the findings.

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Research Objective

To determine the role of vitamin D administration in preventing recurring benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) events.

Methodology

A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 patients diagnosed with recurrent BPPV. Patients were divided into two groups by lottery: Group A received Vitamin D supplements and canal repositioning maneuver (CRM), while Group B received only CRM. Patients were followed up for six months to track Vitamin D supplement consumption and BPPV attacks. Vitamin D levels were measured before and after the study.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A["Diagnose 80 patients with recurrent BPPV"] --> B["Divide into two groups by lottery"];
    B --> C["Group A: Vitamin D + CRM"];
    B --> D["Group B: CRM only"];
    C --> E["Administer Vitamin D & CRM"];
    D --> F["Administer CRM"];
    E --> G["Follow up for 6 months"];
    F --> G;
    G --> H["Track Vitamin D levels and BPPV attacks"];
    H --> I["Analyze data"];
    I --> J["Draw conclusions"];

Discussion

The study suggests a strong association between low vitamin D levels and BPPV. Vitamin D supplementation, in addition to CRM, significantly reduced the frequency and recurrence of BPPV episodes compared to CRM alone. This aligns with previous research indicating vitamin D insufficiency is common in BPPV patients and may play a role in its etiology and recurrence.

Key Findings

In Group A (Vitamin D + CRM), 60.0% of patients had no vertigo episodes during the 6-month follow-up, and 25.0% had a single episode. In Group B (CRM only), 47.5% of patients developed one or more episodes. The difference in recurrence rates between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Group A showed a significant increase in Vitamin D levels after supplementation.

Conclusion

Most individuals with BPPV episodes have insufficient vitamin D levels. Vitamin D supplementation significantly decreases the frequency and recurrence of BPPV events.

Fact Check

1. Sample Size: The study was conducted on 80 patients. (Confirmed in Methodology)
2. Follow-up Period: Patients were followed up over six months. (Confirmed in Methodology)
3. Group A Outcome: 60.0% of patients in Group A had no episodes of vertigo in the follow-up period. (Confirmed in Results)

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