DefinePK

Research Objective

To compare the safety and efficacy of Improvised S2Q manual vacuum aspiration and Pipelle sampling as a diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Methodology

Quasi-experimental study involving 148 females over 35 years of age with abnormal uterine bleeding requiring endometrial sampling. Participants were divided into two groups of 74: Group-A underwent sampling by Improvised S2Q manual vacuum aspiration, and Group-B by Pipelle sampler. Data collected included patient demographics, procedure operating time, specimen volume, side effects, complications, and histopathology reports. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.00 with descriptive statistics and inferential tests (chi-square and independent samples t-test).

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A["Recruit 148 females > 35 years with AUB"] --> B["Divide into two groups"n=74 each""];
    B --> C["Group A: Endometrial sampling by Improvised S2Q MVA"];
    B --> D["Group B: Endometrial sampling by Pipelle sampler"];
    C --> E["Collect data: demographics, procedure time, specimen volume, safety, histopathology"];
    D --> E;
    E --> F["Analyze data using SPSS"];
    F --> G["Compare outcomes between groups"];
    G --> H["Draw conclusions on safety and efficacy"];                    

Discussion

The study suggests that Improvised S2Q manual vacuum aspiration is a safe and effective alternative to Pipelle sampling for endometrial sampling in women with abnormal uterine bleeding. The improvised device offers a low-cost solution for resource-limited settings like Pakistan, is user-friendly, and single-use. The higher specimen volume obtained with the improvised MVA in less time, without significant complications, supports its utility.

Key Findings

The Improvised S2Q manual vacuum aspiration group obtained a higher volume of specimen compared to the Pipelle group (p<0.001). Operating times were comparable (3.37±0.49 minutes for Improvised S2Q MVA vs. 3.20±0.55 minutes for Pipelle). No significant differences were found between the two procedures regarding side effects (tachycardia, pain/cramps), complications (significant blood loss, perforation, infection), need for added analgesia, or histopathology report adequacy.

Conclusion

Improvised S2Q manual vacuum aspiration can be used as an alternative to Pipelle endometrial samplers for evaluating women with abnormal uterine bleeding in an outpatient setting, offering a higher volume of specimens in less time with no significant complications.

Fact Check

1. Sample Size: A total of 148 females were recruited for the study, divided into two groups of 74 participants each.
2. Operating Time: The mean operating time for Improvised S2Q MVA was 3.37±0.49 minutes, and for Pipelle sampling, it was 3.20±0.55 minutes.
3. Specimen Volume: The volume of specimen obtained was significantly higher in the Improvised S2Q MVA group compared to the Pipelle group (p<0.001).

Mind Map